Wall dimensioning

After computing forces acting on the structure the program determines all internal forces in the verified cross-section (normal force N, shear force Q and moment M) and then verifies the cross-section bearing capacity employing one of the standards selected in the frame "Project". 

Only the forces found above the verified joint (see figure) are assumed for dimensioning. These forces are not multiplied by any design coefficients.

Forces entering the analysis

The front jump of wall as well as the back jump of wall is verified against the loading caused by the bending moment and shear force. Stress in the footing bottom can be assumed either constant (CSN) or linear (EC).

Assuming linear variation of stress in the footing bottom the distribution of stress is provided by:

or when excluding tension:

Bending moment and shear force are determined as reaction developed on the cantilever beam as shown in figure:

Internal forces acting on wall jump

Verification of the back jump of wall (top tensile reinforcement in the wall jump, respectively) is performed only in some countries and usually is not required. The programs "Cantilever wall" and "Reinforced wall" allow in version 5.5 for designing the reinforcement in the back jump of wall. The cross-section is then assumed to be loaded by the self weight of structure, earth wedge, surcharge, anchorage force and the force associated with contact pressure in the soil. Forces due to pressure are accounted for only if having a negative impact. Forces introduced by the user are not reflected at all.

The cross-section is checked against the loading caused by the bending moment and shear force.

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