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Ground Loss
Shape of subsidence trough
The program offers two particular shapes of subsidence troughs – according to Gauss or Aversin.
Curve based on Gauss
A number of studies carried out both in the USA and Great Britain proved that the transverse shape of subsidence trough can be well approximated using the Gauss function. This assumption then allows us to determine the horizontal displacement at a distance x from the vertical axis of symmetry as:
| where: | Si | - | settlement at point with coordinate xi |
| Smax | - | maximum terrain settlement | |
| Linf | - | distance of inflection point |
Curve based on Aversin
Aversin derived, based on visual inspection and measurements of underground structures in Russia, the following expression for the shape of subsidence trough:
| kde: | Si | - | settlement at point with coordinate xi |
| Smax | - | maximum terrain settlement | |
| L | - | reach of subsidence trough |
Literature:
Széchy, Károly, The art of tunelling,Budapest : Akadémiai Kiadó, 1966
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